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HASHISH!

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HASHISH! 2nd edition by Rob Clarke $35.95
342 pages, 70 color and 193 B&W photographs,
drawings, maps, charts, graphs and tables.
Includes Appendix, glossary, index, and bibliography

This is the new, updated edition, published in 2010. In this beautiful book, Rob Clarke, author of Marijuana Botany, illuminates the world of hashish. He first covers the history of hashish by describing the manufacture, consumption, and traditions of both ancient and contemporary hashish-making cultures. His serious study demystifies hashish and debunks long-held misconceptions. In clear, understandable terms, he discusses the ingredients that make up hashish, the biochemistry of its psychoactive constituents, and their actions in the body. Recipes for confections and a multitude of old and new smoking and vaporization devices are illustrated and evaluated.
A main thrust of Clarke's work is his introduction of high-tech manufacture via a number of basic to highly innovative sieving techniques for making extremely pure, potent hashish suitable for medicine as well as recreation. Hashish-making for home-growers using everyday kitchenware is illustrated, and this 2nd edition includes water-processing for commercial growers. All hashish-making techniques described are without chemicals. It's all here―everything you need to know to make, buy, or enjoy hashish. Edited by Mel Frank. Highly recommended for all Cannabis enthusiasts with loads of fascinating and useful information.

"Need an exotic hors d' oeuvre for Friends of the Library reception?Nepalese temple balls perhaps, or a delicate majoon ( a cannabis confection)?Just consult this lavishly illustrative compendium of all things hashish. Appealing to illicit substance consumers and history buffs alike, Clarke traces the history story from the earliest times to the present and describes methods of collecting cannabis resin and processing the gooey stuff into hashish." American Library Association, Booklist

TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ... v
PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION... ix PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION... xi

INTRODUCTION ... xv Excerpt from IHCDR ... xxiv

PART I: HASHISH HISTORY ... 1
Introduction ... 1 ANCIENT HISTORY ... 6
Range of Spontaneous Growth of Cannabis ... 6
Theories of the Geographical Origin of Cannabis ... 8
China ... 9
Central Asia ... 10
South Asia ... 11
Origins Conclusion ... 15
Linguistics ... 15
Discovery of the Euphoric Properties ... 16
Early Cannabis Use for Euphoria ... 18
Scythia ... 18
South Asia—India and Nepal ... 24
Persia ... 26
Sheik Haidar and the Discovery of Hashish ... 28
The Hashishin—Legends of Early Hashish Consumption ... 30
The Mongols ... 33
Middle East and Mediterranean ... 34
Egypt ... 36
Lebanon ... 39
Turkey ... 40
Greece ... 40
Central Asia—Recorded History ... 41
Afghanistan ... 41
Turkestan ... 44
HASHISH AS AN INHALANT ... 49
Incense Makers ... 51
Advent of Hashish Smoking—Tobacco and Hashish ... 53
EARLY HASHISH TRADE ... 54
HASHISH!
MOROCCO ... 57
Politics and Hashish in Morocco ... 57
EARLY WESTERN HASHISH HISTORY ... 58
North America versus Europe—Marijuana versus Hashish ... 58
HISTORY CONCLUSION ... 60
PART II: HASHISH-MAKING ... 61
INTRODUCTION: WHAT IS HASHISH? ... 61
HAND-RUBBING ... 62
The Basic Principles of Hand-Rubbing ... 64
Gathering Resin Glands ... 64
Removal of Resin from the Hands ... 67
"Milking" Plants ... 69
Hand-Rubbing Conclusion ... 71
Sieving ... 72
Linguistics and Terminology ... 72
The Basic Principle ... 73
Ancient Methods of Sieved Collection ... 74
Resieving ... 76
Modern Resieving Techniques ... 77
Sieving and Commercial Hashish ... 78
Finer Points of Sieving ... 78
Sieving Conclusion ... 80
PRESSING AND STORING ... 80
Pressing ... 81
Hand-Pressing Versus Mechanical-Pressing ... 81
Pressing with Heat and Moisture ... 84
Storage and Potency ... 86
Decomposition Versus Aging ... 90
Pressing and Storing Conclusion ... 92
HASHISH OIL ... 92
HASHISH-MAKING CONCLUSION ... 94
PART III: HASHISH CULTURES ... 97
OVERVIEW ... 97 SOUTH ASIA ... 98
India ... 100
Himachal Pradesh ... 102
Punjab ... 105
Kerala ... 105
Nepal ... 106
Kashmir ... 111
South Asia Conclusion ... 112
CENTRAL ASIA ... 113

Afghanistan ... 115
Afghan Politics and Hashish ... 117
Afghani Cannabis ... 122
Cultivation ... 127
Harvest ... 128
Afghani Hashish Manufacture ... 128
Modern Versus Traditional Afghani Hashish ... 130
Traditional Afghan Pressing ... 134
Hashish Smoking in Afghanistan ... 139
Price Increases ... 144
Afghanistan Conclusion ... 145
Pakistan ... 146
Pakistani Hashish Manufacture ... 147
Turkestan ... 148
Turkestanian Hashish Manufacture ... 149
Central Asia Conclusion ... 152 MIDDLE EAST ... 152
Lebanon ... 153
Cannabis Cultivation ... 153
Resin Powder Collection ... 156
Lebanese Hashish Manufacture ... 159 Lebanese Hashish Smoking ... 161
Lebanon Conclusion ... 164
Egypt ... 164
Turkey ... 166
Greece ... 169
Iran and Iraq ... 172
Syria ... 173
Balkan States ... 174
Middle East Conclusion ... 174
MOROCCO ... 175
Traditional Kif Smoking ... 176
The Origins of Moroccan Hashish Production ... 179
Modern Moroccan Hashish Production ... 180
Cultivation in Morocco ... 184
Harvest ... 187
Cultivation Influences on Quality ... 190
Commercial Influences on Cultivation ... 193
Hashish Manufacture ... 193
Threshing and Vibration ... 194
Characteristics of Moroccan Resin Powder ... 194
Smoking Moroccan Hashish ... 196 Morocco Conclusion ... 198
HASHISH!
MINOR PRODUCTION AREAS ... 198 HASHISH CULTURES CONCLUSION ... 199
PART IV: CONSTITUENTS AND QUALITY OF HASHISH ... 201
INTRODUCTION: WHAT IS IN HASHISH? ... 201 Hashish Constituents (Ingredients and Contaminants) ... 201 Contaminants and Adulterants ... 209
Contaminants ... 209
Adulterants ... 210
DETERMINING HASHISH QUALITY ... 212 Resin Extraction Ratios and Percentages ... 213 Physical Tests ... 213 Chemical Analysis ... 219
Varietal Differences in Cannabinoid Content ... 219
Hashish Quality Data ... 221
Quality Control During Manufacture ... 221 Moroccan Hashish Quality ... 221 Influences on Moroccan Hashish Quality ... 222 Lebanese Resin Powder Quality ... 224
Afghani Resin Quality ... 225

Determing Quality Conclusion ... 225
AVAILABILITY OF HIGH-QUALITY HASHISH,
PAST AND RECENT ... 226
CONSTITUENTS AND QUALITY CONCLUSION ... 236
PART V: CONSUMPTION OF HASHISH ... 237
INTRODUCTION ... 237
HASHISH HIGHS—EATING, SMOKING, AND VAPORIZING ... 238
What Is High? ... 238
Eating Versus Smoking ... 239
Historical Perspective ... 239
Overview of Cannabinoids —Chemical and Physiological
Explanation of Effects ... 241
Efficiency of Eating Versus Smoking ... 249
Introduction to Eating Hashish ... 249
The Effects of Eating Hashish ... 251 Extraction and Activation of THC ... 260
Tinctures ... 260
Recipes and Confections ... 261
Majoon ... 261
No-Bake Fudge and Majoon Recipes ... 263
Introduction to Hashish Smoking ... 264 Effects of Hashish Smoking ... 265
Smoking Hashish Versus Marijuana ... 267
Methods of Smoking Hashish ... 268
Smoking Hashish Blended with Tobacco Versus with Marijuana ... 268
Smoking Efficiency ... 270
Smoking Techniques ... 271
Pipe Smoking ... 271
Pipe Styles Around the World ... 272
Direct Delivery ... 272
Chillums ... 272
Kif Pipes ... 274
Western Low-Volume Pipes ... 275
Water-Cooled Delivery ... 275
Hookahs, Hubble-Bubbles, Chillums, and Narghiles ... 277
Earth Pipes ... 277
Bongs ... 281
Western Water Pipes ... 282
Mixed-Air Delivery ... 282
Carburetor Pipes ... 282
Side-Stream Smoking—Snake and Captive Snake ... 283
Hashish Cigarettes ... 284
Pure Hashish—the Perfect Hashish Joint ... 284
Blending with Tobacco or Marijuana ... 284
Conclusions: Pipe Versus Water Pipe Versus Snake Versus Joint ... 285
Vaporizing Hashish ... 285
Introduction to Hashish Vaporizing ... 285 Innovations in Vaporizing Hashish ... 286

Vaporizing Techniques ... 288
Direct Delivery ... 289 Glass Hash Oil Pipe ... 289
Water-Cooled Delivery of Hashish Vapors ... 290
Steam Pipe ... 290
Paint Stripper with a Water Pipe ... 291
Mixed-Air Delivery and Side-Stream Vaporization ... 291
Hot Knife ... 291
Captured-Vapor Devices ... 292
The Tilt ... 292
The Eagle Bill Vaporizer ... 293
Vaporizing Conclusion ... 293
HASHISH HEALTH AND MEDICAL USE ... 293
Introduction ... 293
Historical Indications and Contemporary Use ... 294
CONCLUSION—SUMMARY OF VARIOUS METHODS OF CONSUMING HASHISH ... 299
PART VI: HIGH-TECH HASHISH-MAKING ... 301
INTRODUCTION ... 301
IMPROVEMENTS ON ANCIENT METHODS AND MODERN INNOVATIONS ... 301


HASHISH!
THE BASICS OF HIGH-TECH RESIN SEPARATION ... 302
CHARACTERISTICS OF RESIN FROM OUTDOORS, GLASSHOUSES, AND GROW-ROOMS ... 303
REMOVAL OF RESIN GLANDS BY VIBRATION ... 304 Threshing with Vibrating and Rotating Sieves ... 306
Sonication ... 306
SEPARATION BY SIEVING ... 307
Cleaning the Starting Material ... 307
"Dust 'n' Dirt"—Archenemies of Hashish Makers ... 307
Fastest Sieving Technique ... 308 Bulk Sieving Versus Selective Sieving ... 309 Resieving—Removing Small Debris ... 311
Bulk and Selective Resieving ... 311
Soft Sieving—Removing Similar-Sized Debris ... 313 Making the Best Possible Sieved Hashish ... 313 Sieving in Humid Conditions ... 316
Making High-Quality Moroccan ... 317
Sieve Types ... 318
The Resin Heaven ... 319 Screen Printing Sieves ... 319 Ultimate Sieving Equipment ... 320
Precision Sizing Sieves ... 320
Ultrasonic Sieves ... 327
HOLLAND'S HIGH-TECH HASHISH ... 329 SIEVING EFFICIENCY ... 331
Concentration of THC in Hashish ... 334 SEPARATION BY DENSITY ... 334
Water Extraction ... 334
Sadu Sam's Secret ... 334
Baba Bob's Aqua-X-tractor ... 337
CONCLUSION ... 338 Water Extraction for Home and Bulk Production

AFTERWORD ... 342
APPENDIX ... 343
GLOSSARY ... 367
BIBLIOGRAPHY—REFERENCES ... 375
INDEX ... 381



Mel Frank will sign your copy of the Grower's Guide Deluxe or Insider's Guide. It's FREE, just print the name of the person you want Mel to sign the book to in this space:

Marijuana Grower's Guide Deluxe

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Marijuana Grower's Guide Deluxe, by Mel Frank $19.95
352 pages, 64 color and 160 B&W photographs,
charts, drawings, graphs, and maps.
Index and bibliography

This classic treatise, revered as the most comprehensive work ever published on marijuana, explains Cannabis botany, chemistry, history, and both indoor and outdoor growing. The clear, concise text and high-quality photographs, drawings, and color plates have appeared in college textbooks, slide lectures, and educational film. The Deluxe is the first book every gardener should read for getting to know the Cannabis plant. Understanding marijuana's life cycle, growing requirements, and environmental influences such as the photoperiod are the keys to successful growing by anyone, anywhere, anytime.

"... an extremely clear and interesting essay in practical horticulture, as accessible a study of a single plant, at this high level of seriousness as one is likely to find."New York Times Book Review

"This is a very wise and masterful book about marijuana as a plant which needs attention. If it wasn't marijuana the book would find a welcome place on a flower-fern grower's shelf and most certainly will
appeal to professional and amateur botanists."
West Coast Review of Books

Table of Contents

Foreword
Preface

Part I. General Information about Cannabis

Part II. Indoor Gardening

Part 1V. Flowering, Breeding, and Propagation

Part V. Harvesting, Curing, and Drying

Bibliographic Notes
Index



Mel Frank will sign your copy of the Grower's Guide Deluxe or Insider's Guide. It's FREE, just print the name of the person you want Mel to sign the book to in this space:

Marijuana Grower's Insider's Guide

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Marijuana Grower's Insider's Guide by Mel Frank $19.95
380 pages, 235 B&W Photographs, drawings,
THC graphs, tables, and maps. Indexed

In the Insider's Guide's Mel clearly explains the how-to for indoor gardeners, while blending authoritative knowledge with homespun experiences to advise greenhouse and backyard organic gardeners. By providing examples and a solid understanding of what successful growing requires, Mel offers options for every grower to fit their individual situations and goals. The step-by-step text and illustrative graphics safely guide novices to professional results. The Insider covers it all, from planting to breeding your own. It is the best guide book for beginners while coupling sage advice for experienced growers.

"This is the definitive guide to growing marijuana."High Times

"If ever a subject had a definitive work, this book is it."The Tab

Table of Contents

Preface
Author’s Acknowledgment
Author’s Note
Use of Registered Trademarks

Part I: ABOUT THE MARIJUANA PLANT

Part II: HOW TO GET STARTED

Part III: Soil and Hydroponic Mixtures

Part IV: Starting the All-Important Seed

Part V: Care and Problem Solving

Part VI: Flowering

Part VII: Breeding and Propagation

Part VIII: The Reward

Part IX: After the Harvest

Index
Directory of Suppliers

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